Hang on! This is a long two-parter.
There’s something I’ve been meaning to write about for a while now, and that something is continuous partial attention. CPA hit the headlines earlier this Spring at the Emerging Technology Conference, when Linda Stone, a former Apple and Microsoft executive, presented her work on it. CPA is state of processing that most of us achieve while trying to multitask across digital and physical activities, so that you are simultaneously thinking about and managing multiple activities in both spaces.
(For example, in the time it’s taken me to find my article about Linda Stone’s presentation and write these two paragraphs, I’ve also uploaded some photos, checked gmail, had a moment of angst that I should have already gone to bed, found a new site with random interesting news and trivia, and gone to the bathroom YET AGAIN to locate and destroy the boulder-sized mascara schmutz that has invaded my eye… )
Anyways. Everyone at the conference was freaking out, man! Because this woman was talking about something that the attendees were in tune with, and as a consequence they actually stopped the IMing and Blackberrying and text messaging and emailing and surfing and blogging that they also had been doing as they listened, and instead just listened to her speak. And her message was that although it’s perfectly understandable and sometimes even necessary to maintain dual digital and physical presences, it also comes at a great cost. Multitasking is the enemy of concentration and makes it hard to achieve flow. It limits the focus and the introspection that can generate important realizations. (About mascara.)
But I have a different perspective on it, having drunk the Kool-aid at my former company. There, one of the senior researchers studied “cybernomads” (basically hyperconnected individuals, mostly workers or gamers). One of their traits is “persistent social connectivity,” referring to the tendency to maintain ongoing conversations with their social contacts through open digital channels.
Cybernomads supplement open physical presence with open Web or blog
access, e-mail, voice over IP, or instant message channels. Such simultaneous
channel use, often called multi-tasking, can be complementary and enhance a
single experience. Or it can be more fragmentary and support a practice of
multi-contexting. Cybernomads use multi-contexting to manage multiple,
simultaneous experiences, each of which is embedded in distinct social
relationships, roles, and identities. As cybernomads switch from context to
context (say from blog reading to an IM conversation to listening to a meeting),
they adopt a distinct identity for each that is likely responsible for a
distinct role within a distinct social network. Cybernomads don’t just do lots
of things at one time; they act out many personas at one time.
At first, I thought of this as the ordinary multi-tasking that most of us do. (Like my example above, which kind of occurred sequentially, so it’s not really using CPA. However, I also drive while putting on makeup. So there.) But then I saw Cory Doctorow speak at a company event, and realized that this is a whole other ballgame. The man was on a panel, speaking about whatever it was, and was simultaneously IMing someone. Seriously, at the same time! While 100+ people were looking at him! And he kept doing it, even when other people on the panel were talking! At first I was stunned at the evident brassiness of his nads, and then I thought it was just tacky and rude, and then I realized he was the epitome of a cybernomad. He wasn’t trying to be rude, he just wasn’t interacting in that moment in the same way that the rest of us were. But I do remember being impressed that he had some smart comments to add to the discussion—it wasn’t like he couldn’t keep up or add value. Afterwards he sat with us and listened to the subsequent speakers while simultaneously showing us his new toy. (It was one of those Danger Sidekick-type things, this was several years ago).
So basically, I’m interested in people’s strategies for managing media, and also all of the etiquette debates that flow from that. In the last 15 years, we’ve had to learn the social niceties of at least 6 different new communication media (name ‘em, fast!), each with the accompanying panicky articles and huffy generational gaps. I think there are 3 issues at the center of these sorts of plaints:
- the inevitable lag between adoption of a new tool and the standardization of etiquette for tool use,
- the widening of the gap between the haves and have-nots across a range of tools (and accompanying strain on a collective culture), and
- uncertainty about the limits of human abilities to manage information.
Does the last one sound odd to you? I think the kerfuffle about continuous partial attention is, at its heart, an expressed concern that people have an upper limit on the amount of interactions that can be simultaneously managed across multiple media. There’s too much to focus on—the fear is that people will lose focus and all of their communications become watered down. Furthermore, the pressure is on for conversationalists to be entertaining, in order to compete for limited (human) bandwidth.
In a way, this is just a new name for the same fear that we’ve had for eons. I remember hearing somewhere that people were concerned about the first automobiles. They thought they would drive so fast that humans wouldn’t be able to withstand the momentum! The real interesting story is about the incredible capacity of people to simultaneously manage more and more information. What is the upper limit? How does practice and context stretch those boundaries?